Plagiarism Policy

1. Purpose

The Journal of Magnetism and Its Applications (JMA) is committed to maintaining the highest standards of academic integrity, research originality, scientific transparency, and ethical scholarly publishing.

The purpose of this Plagiarism Policy is to prevent plagiarism, duplicate publication, unauthorized reproduction, and other forms of intellectual property misuse in scholarly research related to magnetism, magnetic materials, magnetic technologies, applied physics, condensed matter physics, and associated interdisciplinary scientific fields.

JMA follows internationally recognized principles of responsible scholarly publishing, including relevant guidance issued by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

2. Definition of Plagiarism

Plagiarism refers to presenting another person's published or unpublished intellectual contributions as one's own without appropriate acknowledgment, citation, or authorization.

Plagiarism may involve the unauthorized use of:

• Published research findings and scientific interpretations.

• Text, ideas, concepts, hypotheses, and theoretical frameworks.

• Experimental procedures and scientific methodologies.

• Research datasets, magnetic measurements, and computational results.

• Figures, graphs, tables, illustrations, and scientific images.

• Mathematical models, equations, simulations, and analytical techniques.

• Previously published or unpublished academic materials.

Plagiarism constitutes a serious violation of research integrity and may result in editorial or disciplinary action.

3. Scope of the Policy

This policy applies to all scholarly manuscripts submitted to the Journal of Magnetism and Its Applications, including:

• Original research articles.

• Review and systematic review papers.

• Theoretical and computational research studies.

• Experimental and applied scientific research.

• Short scientific communications.

• Editorials and other scholarly contributions.

All authors, co-authors, reviewers, and editors are expected to comply with the journal's standards concerning originality, appropriate attribution, and responsible scholarly communication.

4. Originality and Submission Requirements

JMA requires that all submitted manuscripts represent original scholarly contributions and have not been published previously or submitted simultaneously to another journal for publication consideration.

Authors must ensure that:

• The submitted research is original and scientifically authentic.

• All borrowed ideas, data, methods, and published findings are properly cited.

• Previously published material is clearly acknowledged.

• Research findings and scientific interpretations are accurately represented.

• Required permissions have been obtained for copyrighted third-party materials.

• Overlapping or related publications are appropriately disclosed.

• All co-authors have reviewed and approved the submitted manuscript.

Authors must not misrepresent previously published research as a new or original contribution.

5. Acceptable Similarity Index

The Journal of Magnetism and Its Applications adopts the following proposed textual-similarity screening limits to support originality and prevent inappropriate content duplication.

Manuscripts exceeding the stated similarity thresholds may be returned to authors for revision or rejected, depending on the nature and seriousness of the identified overlap.

The editorial team may exclude reference lists, properly quoted material, standard scientific terminology, mathematical expressions, and commonly used methodological descriptions from the similarity assessment where appropriate.

A similarity score is not, by itself, proof of plagiarism. All similarity reports must be evaluated by qualified editors to distinguish legitimate textual overlap from unattributed copying or research misconduct. A manuscript below the stated thresholds may still contain plagiarism.

6. Plagiarism Detection and Screening

JMA supports the use of recognized plagiarism and textual-similarity detection software to assess submitted manuscripts before publication.

The screening process may include:

• Initial similarity checking during editorial assessment.

• Examination of overlapping text and previously published content.

• Verification of citations and bibliographic references.

• Assessment of duplicated figures, tables, and scientific illustrations.

• Examination of potentially reused experimental data or computational findings.

• Additional originality checks during revision or before final acceptance, where necessary.

Any suspected plagiarism identified through similarity screening, peer review, or editorial examination will be investigated by the editorial team before an appropriate decision is made.

7. Types of Plagiarism

The Journal of Magnetism and Its Applications recognizes several forms of plagiarism and inappropriate scholarly content reuse.

7.1. Verbatim Plagiarism

Directly copying text from published or unpublished sources without appropriate quotation, citation, or acknowledgment.

7.2. Paraphrasing Plagiarism

Rewriting or restructuring another researcher's ideas, arguments, findings, or interpretations without giving appropriate credit to the original source.

7.3. Self-Plagiarism and Redundant Publication

Reusing substantial portions of one's previously published text, data, figures, or research findings without appropriate disclosure, citation, or justification.

7.4. Conceptual Plagiarism

Presenting another researcher's original scientific concepts, theories, hypotheses, or analytical approaches as one's own intellectual contribution without acknowledgment.

7.5. Data and Figure Plagiarism

Using experimental results, magnetic characterization data, microscopy images, graphs, scientific illustrations, or computational outputs produced by others without proper attribution or permission where required.

7.6. Source and Citation Misrepresentation

Providing misleading citations, deliberately concealing the original source of research findings, or citing secondary information in a manner that misrepresents the origin of scientific contributions.

7.7. Unauthorized Reproduction

Reproducing copyrighted scientific content, including images, tables, diagrams, or substantial textual materials, without the necessary acknowledgment, license, or permission.

8. Editorial Assessment of Suspected Plagiarism

When potential plagiarism or substantial textual overlap is identified, the Editor-in-Chief or designated handling editor will examine the available evidence.

The assessment may consider:

• The amount and nature of overlapping material.

• Whether the original source has been appropriately acknowledged.

• Whether the overlap involves standard scientific terminology or original intellectual contributions.

• Whether the duplicated material affects the scientific novelty or validity of the manuscript.

• Whether relevant source permissions have been obtained.

• Whether there is evidence of deliberate misrepresentation or repeated misconduct.

Authors may be asked to provide explanations, original research records, source materials, or corrected manuscript files.

Editorial decisions will be based on the seriousness of the concern, the available evidence, and applicable publication ethics procedures.

9. Consequences of Plagiarism

If plagiarism or serious content duplication is established, JMA may take appropriate action depending on the severity of the violation.

Possible actions include:

• Manuscript Revision: Requesting correction of inappropriate citations, textual overlap, or attribution deficiencies.

• Manuscript Rejection: Rejecting submissions containing substantial plagiarism or serious ethical violations.

• Withdrawal of Acceptance: Cancelling manuscript acceptance where plagiarism is identified before publication.

• Editorial Investigation: Conducting additional inquiries into suspected research misconduct.

• Institutional Notification: Contacting relevant institutions or research authorities where serious misconduct is supported by sufficient evidence and the circumstances justify notification.

• Submission Restrictions: Imposing proportionate submission restrictions in cases of serious or repeated misconduct, subject to fair editorial procedures.

• Correction or Retraction: Issuing an appropriate notice for published articles where plagiarism or substantial duplication is established.

Authors must be given an appropriate opportunity to respond to relevant allegations before serious editorial sanctions are imposed.

10. Plagiarism Identified After Publication

If plagiarism is identified after an article has been published in the Journal of Magnetism and Its Applications, the editorial team will investigate the concerns in accordance with the journal's Publication Ethics and Corrections and Retractions Policies.

Depending on the findings, the journal may:

• Publish a correction to address limited attribution errors.

• Issue an expression of concern where an investigation remains unresolved and serious concerns persist.

• Retract the article where substantial plagiarism or serious publication misconduct has been established.

• Notify relevant institutions or other journals where appropriate.

Retracted articles should ordinarily remain accessible as part of the scholarly record, clearly identified as retracted and linked to an official retraction notice.

11. Author Responsibilities

All authors submitting manuscripts to JMA are responsible for maintaining the originality, accuracy, and ethical integrity of their research.

Authors must:

• Properly acknowledge all relevant sources.

• Use accurate and complete scientific references.

• Avoid plagiarism, self-plagiarism, duplicate submission, and redundant publication.

• Obtain necessary permissions for third-party copyrighted materials.

• Disclose any previous publication or substantial overlap involving the submitted research.

• Maintain accurate experimental, theoretical, and computational research records.

• Cooperate with editorial investigations concerning originality or publication ethics.

• Correct any identified attribution errors promptly.

All co-authors share responsibility for ensuring that the submitted manuscript complies with the journal's originality and publication ethics requirements.

12. Reviewer and Editor Responsibilities

Reviewers and editors play an important role in identifying and preventing plagiarism.

Reviewers are expected to notify the handling editor if they identify suspected duplication, unattributed scientific findings, or substantial similarities with previously published research.

Reviewers must not independently disclose confidential manuscript material or use unpublished findings for personal or professional advantage.

Editors are responsible for assessing plagiarism concerns fairly and confidentially, examining relevant evidence, and making editorial decisions consistent with established publication ethics principles.

13. Appeals and Complaints

Authors who disagree with a plagiarism-related editorial decision may submit a written appeal to the journal's editorial office.

The appeal should identify the manuscript, explain the grounds for reconsideration, and provide supporting evidence.

Appeals will be assessed under the journal's Complaints and Appeals Policy. Where possible, the appeal should be evaluated by an editor who was not directly responsible for the original disputed decision.

The journal aims to ensure fair treatment, appropriate confidentiality, and transparent communication throughout the appeals process.

14. Commitment to Research Integrity

The Journal of Magnetism and Its Applications is committed to promoting originality, scientific reliability, proper attribution, and ethical scholarly publishing.

The journal seeks to maintain high standards of research integrity in magnetism, magnetic materials, applied physics, theoretical investigations, computational science, and related technological applications.

Through appropriate manuscript screening, independent peer review, responsible editorial oversight, and transparent procedures for addressing suspected misconduct, JMA aims to safeguard the credibility and reliability of its published scientific research.